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2024 Election Overview

FM3 Highlights

As 2025 begins, we at FM3 Research wanted to take a moment to reflect on the firm’s work during the 2024 election cycle and offer our congratulations to the hundreds of campaigns we partnered with to win elections across the country. All told, the FM3 team contributed to the success of 180+ ballot measures and candidate campaigns across 14 states. 

These campaigns helped elect a diverse array of Democratic candidates—from statewide elected leaders (like U.S. Senator Tammy Baldwin and Washington Governor-elect Bob Ferguson) to big-city mayors (like San Jose’s Matt Mahan, Boise’s Lauren McLean, and San Francisco’s Daniel Lurie), to numerous members of Congress, state legislators, and local elected officials. The campaigns we worked on also helped win statewide ballot measure battles from Rhode Island to California. At the local level, we helped win approval for dozens of revenue measures providing tens of billions of dollars for vital public services from education to housing to public safety. 

Statewide Highlights

Over the past two years, FM3 conducted research for 10 successful statewide ballot initiatives in California, Minnesota, Ohio, Rhode Island, and Wisconsin. In California alone, 10 statewide measures were on the ballot in November 2024—FM3 was the pollster for five of those measures and ended up on the winning side of each one. 

Some of the most notable statewide wins we worked on this cycle include: 

Climate and environment wins in three states, including: 

  • California’s Proposition 4 (November 2024), a $10 billion climate bond to fund state and local parks, environmental protection projects, water infrastructure projects, energy projects, and flood protection projects 
  • Rhode Island’s Question 4 (November 2024), a $53 million environmental bond for infrastructure, local recreation projects, and preservation of land 
  • Minnesota’s Amendment 1 (November 2024) to extend the dedication of revenue from the state-operated lottery to the Environment and Natural Resources Fund through 2050 

Education funding in the state of California, where voters approved Proposition 2 (November 2024), a $10 billion K-14 statewide school bond with $8.5 billion dedicated to elementary and secondary educational facilities and $1.5 billion for community college facilities. 

Rejecting political interference with emergency funding in Wisconsin, by defeating two deceptive statewide referenda placed on the ballot in the August primary election.  

Drug reform in Ohio, where voters approved Issue 2 (November 2023) to legalize adult use of marijuana. 

Local Highlights

FM3’s research contributed to the passage of 130+ local ballot measures across nine states over the past two years. Notably, we worked on successful measures in liberal and conservative areas; urban, rural, and suburban communities; and among ideologically and ethnically diverse electorates. 

Some of our proudest accomplishments from this cycle include: 

Dozens of successful local measures to provide education funding. FM3’s work contributed to the passage of 36 local K-14 school bond measures and two school parcel tax measures, which all told are set to generate an estimated $15.4 billion for education funding. Notably, we contributed to the passage of double measures for three separate school district clients: Folsom Cordova Unified School District, South Monterey County Joint Union High School District, and Victor Valley Union High School District. 

More than 70 successful revenue measures to provide funding to local communities. Among other issue areas, this included: 

  • 39 general-purpose sales tax measures  
  • 9 local measures to provide funding for parks, conservation, and other environmental issues in California, Maine, New Mexico, Oregon, Texas, and Washington 
  • 4 local measures to provide dedicated funding for health and public safety 
  • 2 local measures to provide dedicated funding for road repair 
  • 2 local measures to provide dedicated funding for public libraries 

Successful measures in several communities that at one time may have been considered too small to poll reliably, such as Sutter Creek, CA (<2K registered voters); Trinidad, CO (4K registered voters); and Arcata, CA (10K registered voters). 

The Suffolk County Water Quality Restoration Act, which will provide $4 billion to modernize wastewater infrastructure and protect Long Island’s waters from nitrogen pollution and $2 billion to protect clean drinking water by conserving open space and wildlife habitats. This meaningful victory follows eight years of FM3 conducting research related to water quality issues on Long Island. 

Candidate Highlights

FM3 conducted research for 35+ successful candidate races across six states, ranging from local city council and mayoral races to state and national legislative races.  

Nationally, FM3’s work for Senate Majority PAC helped send Tammy Baldwin back to the Senate to represent Wisconsin for a third term. We also helped re-elect three members of Congress—Greg Stanton (AZ), Susan DelBene (WA), and Rick Larsen (WA)—and provided battleground polling to the DCCC that helped cut the GOP margin to one of the narrowest in decades. 

At the state level, our firm helped elect Bob Ferguson as Washington Governor and Tobias Read as Oregon Secretary of State. FM3 also worked on 12 successful state legislative races in California, Oregon, and Wisconsin. Notably, our research for four State Representatives in Oregon—Tom Andersen, Zach Hudson, Courtney Neron, and Hoa Nguyen—helped Democrats’ hold onto their House supermajority in the state. 

Locally, FM3 helped elect mayors in four major California cities—Fresno, Sacramento, San Francisco, and San Jose—and in Boise, Idaho. We also helped elect eight city councilmembers, four county supervisors, and two district attorneys for jurisdictions throughout California. 

FM3 is proud to have been a part of the teams that helped win the following campaigns in the 2023-24 cycle.

Statewide Ballot Measures

StateMeasurePurpose
CA Proposition 2 $10 billion education facilities bond
CA Proposition 4 $10M bond for parks, environment, energy, and water
CA No on Proposition 33 Prohibit rent control
CA Proposition 34 Requiring accountability in use of drug discount program revenue
CA Proposition 35 Managed care organization tax authorization
MN Amendment 1 Continue providing lottery revenue to environment/natural resources fund
OH Issue 2 (2023)Legalize recreational marijuana for adults 21+
RI Question 4 $53M bond for environmental and recreational infrastructure
WI No on Question 1 Prohibit legislature from delegating its power to appropriate money
WI No on Question 2 Require legislative approval for state expenditure of federal funds

Education Finance Measures

K-12 DistrictMeasureMechanism
Antelope Valley Joint Union High School District Measure AVH $398M school bond
Arcadia Unified School District Measure AS $358M school bond
Clovis Unified School District Measure A $400M school bond
Delano Union Elementary School District Measure J $41.8M school bond
Dinuba Unified School District Measure D $42M school bond
Firebaugh-Las Deltas Unified School District Measure F $25M school bond
Folsom Cordova Unified School District Measure R $144M school bond
Folsom Cordova Unified School District Measure S $144M school bond
Franklin-McKinley School District Measure W $192/parcel tax
Fresno Unified School District Measure H $500M school bond
Galt Joint Union Elementary School District Measure H $27M school bond
Menifee Unified School District Measure R $205M school bond
Merced City School District Measure O $80M school bond
Pomona Unified School District Measure UU $385M school bond
Ravenswood City School District Measure S $434/parcel tax
Redlands Unified School District Measure D $500M school bond
Roosevelt Elementary School District (AZ) - $150M school bond
San Carlos School District Measure H $176M school bond
San Juan Unified School District Measure P $950M school bond
San Marino Unified School DistrictMeasure M$200M school bond
Southern Kern Unified School District Measure H $59M school bond
South Monterey County Joint Union High School District Measure H $35M school bond
South Monterey County Joint Union High School District Measure I $35M school bond
Sweetwater Union High School District Measure RR $647M school bond
Victor Valley Union High School District Measure A $180M school bond
Victor Valley Union High School District Measure X $180M school bond
Wasco Union High School District Measure D $35.4M school bond
Weaver School District Measure K $20M school bond
Community College DistrictsMeasureMechanism
College of the Redwoods Measure I $120M school bond
Compton Community College District Measure CC $200M school bond
Glendale Community College District Measure GCC $600M school bond
Long Beach Community College District Measure AC $990M school bond
Mt. San Antonio Community College District Measure V $750M school bond
Rio Hondo Community College District Measure RH $442.4M school bond
Riverside Community College District Measure CC $954M school bond
San Diego Community College District Measure HH $3.5B school bond
San Joaquin Delta Community College District Measure K $598M school bond
Southwestern Community College District Measure SW $800M school bond
State Center Community College District Measure Q $698M school bond

Other Local Finance Measures

Cities MeasureMechanism
Town of Apple Valley Measure P 1 cent sales tax
City of Arcata Measure H ¾ cent sales tax
City of Artesia Measure AAA ¾ cent sales tax
City of Azusa Measure ZZ ¼ cent sales tax
City of Berkeley Measure Z Soda tax renewal
City of Brawley Measure J 1 cent sales tax
City of Buena Park Measure R 1 cent sales tax
City of Campbell Measure K ½ cent sales tax
City of Carpinteria Measure B Transient occupancy tax
City of Cathedral City Measure W ½ cent sales tax
City of Chino Measure V 1 cent sales tax
City of Clovis Measure Y 1 cent sales tax
City of Dallas (TX) Proposition B $346M bond – flood infrastructure
City of Desert Hot Springs Measure P 1 cent sales tax
City of Dixon Measure J 1 cent sales tax
City of Downey Measure D ¼ cent sales tax
City of Escalon Measure P 1 cent sales tax
City of Fontana Measure T 1 cent sales tax
City of Fort Bragg Measure T ⅜ cent sales tax
City of Fort Bragg Measure U Transient occupancy tax
City of Foster City Measure V Business license tax revision
City of Half Moon Bay Measure R ½ cent sales tax
City of Hanford Measure H 1 cent sales tax
City of Hayward Measure K1 ½ cent sales tax
City of La Cañada Flintridge Measure LCF ¾ cent sales tax
City of La Habra Measure V 1 cent sales tax
City of Lemoore Measure S 1 cent sales tax
City of Long Beach Measure LB Utility users’ tax
City of Loomis Measure C ¼ cent special sales tax – library funding
City of Milpitas Measure J ¼ cent sales tax
City of Monterey Park Measure BE Business license tax revision
City of Monterey Park Measure LG Transient occupancy tax
City of Moreno Valley Measure U 1 cent sales tax
City of Pacifica Measure M Transient occupancy tax
City of Palm Desert Measure G 1 cent sales tax
City of Paramount Measure LR Business license tax revision
City of Pasadena Measure PL $195M bond – library funding
City of Paso Robles Measure I-24 ½ cent sales tax
City of Pinole Measure I ½ cent sales tax
City of Redondo Beach Measure FP $93.4M bond – safety
City of San Francisco Proposition A $300M bond – affordable housing
City of San Francisco Proposition B $390M bond – health/safety
City of San Francisco Proposition M Business license tax revision
City of Sanger Measure R 1 cent special sales tax – safety
City of Santa Barbara Measure I 1 cent sales tax
City of Santa Fe Springs Measure SFS Parcel tax – roads
City of Santa Paula Measure R 1 cent sales tax
Town of Scarborough (ME) Question 3 $5M bond – conservation/water
City of Seal Beach Measure GG ½ cent sales tax
City of Suisun City Measure S 1 ¾ cent sales tax
City of Sutter Creek Measure P 1 cent sales tax
City of Trinidad (CO) Measure 2A Transient occupancy tax – parks/open space
City of Visalia Measure O Cannabis tax
City of West Hollywood Measure WH Protecting a future ¼ cent sales tax
City of Westminster Measure E ½ cent sales tax
City of West Sacramento Measure O 1 cent sales tax
City of Yucaipa Measure S 1 cent sales tax
Counties MeasureMechanism
Butte County Measure H 1 cent sales tax
Harris County (TX) Proposition A Property tax – flood infrastructure
Humboldt County Measure O 1 cent sales tax
Madera County Measure T ½ cent special sales tax – road repair
Multnomah County (OR) Measure 26-243 $150M bond – flood infrastructure/water quality
San Juan County (WA) Proposition 1 Extending 1% REET – conservation
Santa Barbara County Measure H Transient occupancy tax
Santa Cruz County Measure Q Parcel tax – conservation/wildfires
Sonoma County Measure I ¼ cent sales tax
Special Districts MeasureMechanism
Oregon Metro Measure 26-244 $380M bond – zoo funding
Sisters Park and Recreation District Measure 9-160 (2023)Property tax – parks
Ciudad Soil and Water Conservation District (NM) - Property tax – conservation
Puente Hills Habitat Preservation Authority Measure PH Parcel tax – environment
Sacramento Metro Fire District Measure O $415M bond – safety

Local Ballot Measures (Non-Revenue)

Cities MeasureMeasure Type
City of Bellflower Measure B Charter issue
City of Huntington Park Measure PP Permitted street parking development
City of Long Beach Measure JB Charter issue
City of Long Beach Measure HC Charter issue
City of Los Alamitos Measure X Charter issue
City of North Las Vegas Question 1 Redirecting funds
City of North Las Vegas Question 2 Redirecting funds
City of Oxnard Measure I Continuation of CFD funding
City of Oxnard No on Measure J Elimination of CFD funding
City of Oxnard No on Measure K Reduction of CFD funding
City of Oxnard No on Measure L Limits on CFD funding
City of San Francisco Proposition H Firefighter pension reform
City of Santa Cruz No on Measure M Charter issue
City of South Pasadena Measure SP Building height limits
City of Torrance Measure TC Charter issue
City of Yorba Linda Measure JJ Land use regulations
Counties MeasureMeasure Type
Los Angeles County Measure G Charter issue
Park County (MT) No on Referendum 1 Removal of local growth control policy
Park County (MT) Referendum 2 Require a vote to adopt a growth policy
Suffolk County (NY) Proposition 2 Water Quality Restoration Act
Special District MeasureMeasure Type
Desert Healthcare District Measure AA Hospital contract approval

Candidate Races

National Races
Senator Tammy Baldwin* (WI)
Congresswoman Suzan DelBene (WA-1)
Congressman Rick Larsen (WA-2)
Congressman Greg Stanton (AZ-4)
Statewide Races
Washington Governor Bob Ferguson
Oregon Secretary of State Tobias Read
California State Assemblymember Marc Berman
California State Senator Laura Richardson
California State Assemblymember Blanca Rubio
California State Assemblymember LaShae Sharp-Collins
California State Assemblymember Esmeralda Soria
California State Assemblymember Catherine Stefani*
Oregon State Representative Tom Andersen
Oregon State Representative Zach Hudson
Oregon State Representative Courtney Neron
Oregon State Representative Hoa Nguyen
Wisconsin State Assemblymember Melissa Ratcliff*
Local Races
District Attorney Nathan Hochman* (Los Angeles County, CA)
District Attorney Brooke Jenkins* (San Francisco, CA)
County Supervisor Margaret Abe-Koga (Santa Clara County, CA)
County Supervisor Janice Hahn (Los Angeles County, CA)
County Supervisor Terra Lawson-Remer (San Diego County, CA)
County Supervisor Nate Miley* (Alameda County, CA)
Mayor Jerry Dyer (Fresno, CA)
Mayor Kevin McCarty (Sacramento, CA)
Mayor Lauren McLean* (Boise, ID)
Mayor Daniel Lurie* (San Francisco, CA)
Mayor Matt Mahan (San Jose, CA)
Mayor/City Councilmember Dan Arriola* (Tracy, CA)
City Councilmember Edi Birsan (Concord, CA)
City Councilmember Lance Giroux* (El Segundo, CA)
City Councilmember Albert Gonzalez* (Santa Clara, CA)
City Councilmember Suds Jain* (Santa Clara, CA)
City Councilmember Michelle Keldorf* (El Segundo, CA)
City Councilmember John Lee* (Los Angeles, CA)
City Councilmember Michael Mulcahy* (San Jose, CA)
City Councilmember Kevin Park* (Santa Clara, CA)
Fairbank, Maslin, Maullin, Metz & Associates (FM3)
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